Multiple Choice Questions
Sports Science and Biomechanics (Continued)
Topic: Sports Science and Biomechanics
Grade: 12
Question 1:
Which of the following is NOT a principle of biomechanics?
A) Stability
B) Efficiency
C) Power
D) Flexibility
Answer: D) Flexibility
Explanation: Flexibility is not a principle of biomechanics. The principles of biomechanics include stability, efficiency, and power. Flexibility is a component of physical fitness, but it is not directly related to the principles of biomechanics. For example, when a high jumper performs a Fosbury Flop technique, stability, efficiency, and power are crucial in achieving a successful jump, but flexibility is not a determining factor.
Question 2:
Which of the following is an example of a concentric muscle contraction?
A) Lowering a dumbbell during a bicep curl
B) Extending the leg during a leg press
C) Lowering the body during a push-up
D) Flexing the back during a deadlift
Answer: D) Flexing the back during a deadlift
Explanation: Concentric muscle contractions occur when the muscle shortens while generating force. Flexing the back during a deadlift is an example of concentric muscle contraction because the back muscles contract to lift the weight off the ground. In contrast, options A, B, and C involve eccentric muscle contractions where the muscle lengthens while generating force.
Question 3:
Which of the following is an example of the Bernoulli Principle in sports?
A) A baseball curveball
B) A soccer ball bending during a free kick
C) A basketball spinning while shooting a free throw
D) A tennis ball bouncing off the court surface
Answer: A) A baseball curveball
Explanation: The Bernoulli Principle states that as the speed of a fluid (or air) increases, its pressure decreases. When a baseball pitcher throws a curveball, the ball spins causing the air to move faster on one side of the ball, resulting in lower pressure. This pressure difference creates a force that causes the ball to curve. The other options do not involve the Bernoulli Principle.
Question 4:
Which of the following is an example of mechanical advantage?
A) Using a lever to lift a heavy object
B) Using a pulley system to raise a flag
C) Using a wedge to split wood
D) Using a screw to fasten two objects
Answer: B) Using a pulley system to raise a flag
Explanation: Mechanical advantage refers to the amplification of force achieved by using simple machines. A pulley system allows a person to raise a flag with less force by distributing the load over multiple ropes and pulleys. The other options also involve simple machines, but they do not specifically represent mechanical advantage.
Question 5:
Which of the following factors has the greatest influence on projectile motion?
A) Angle of release
B) Mass of the object
C) Air resistance
D) Initial velocity
Answer: A) Angle of release
Explanation: The angle of release has the greatest influence on projectile motion. The angle determines the trajectory and distance traveled by the projectile. The mass of the object, air resistance, and initial velocity also affect projectile motion, but the angle of release is the primary factor. For example, when a javelin thrower releases the javelin at a higher angle, it will travel a shorter distance compared to a lower release angle.
Question 6:
Which of the following is an example of a closed kinetic chain exercise?
A) Leg curl machine
B) Bench press
C) Squats
D) Lat pulldown machine
Answer: C) Squats
Explanation: Closed kinetic chain exercises involve movement at multiple joints while the distal segment is fixed or in contact with a surface. Squats are a closed kinetic chain exercise as the feet are in contact with the ground, and movement occurs at the ankle, knee, and hip joints. Options A, B, and D are examples of open kinetic chain exercises where the distal segment is free to move.
Question 7:
Which of the following is an example of Newton\’s First Law of Motion?
A) A hockey puck sliding on ice
B) A baseball being hit by a bat
C) A soccer ball being kicked into the net
D) A basketball being dribbled on the court
Answer: A) A hockey puck sliding on ice
Explanation: Newton\’s First Law of Motion states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force. A hockey puck sliding on ice exemplifies this law as it remains in motion until it encounters friction or another external force. The other options involve the application of external forces to the objects.
Question 8:
Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting stability?
A) Base of support
B) Center of gravity
C) Mass of the object
D) Inertia
Answer: D) Inertia
Explanation: Inertia is not a factor affecting stability. Stability is influenced by the base of support, center of gravity, and mass of the object. Inertia is a property of an object that resists changes in motion. For example, a gymnast performing a balance beam routine maintains stability by keeping their center of gravity aligned with the base of support.
Question 9:
Which of the following is an example of a first-class lever?
A) Elbow joint during a bicep curl
B) Ankle joint during a calf raise
C) Knee joint during a leg extension
D) Hip joint during a squat
Answer: A) Elbow joint during a bicep curl
Explanation: In a first-class lever, the fulcrum is located between the effort and the resistance. During a bicep curl, the elbow joint acts as the fulcrum, the bicep muscle provides the effort, and the weight being lifted represents the resistance. The other options involve different types of joints or lever arrangements.
Question 10:
Which of the following is an example of angular motion?
A) A sprinter running in a straight line
B) A cyclist pedaling a bicycle uphill
C) A gymnast performing a backflip
D) A swimmer doing the butterfly stroke
Answer: C) A gymnast performing a backflip
Explanation: Angular motion refers to rotational movement around an axis. A gymnast performing a backflip involves angular motion as the body rotates about the vertical axis during the flip. The other options involve linear or translational motion where the body moves in a straight line.
Question 11:
Which of the following is an example of elastic potential energy?
A) A weightlifter lifting a barbell
B) A basketball bouncing on the court
C) A diver jumping off a diving board
D) A runner sprinting at full speed
Answer: B) A basketball bouncing on the court
Explanation: Elastic potential energy refers to the energy stored in an object when it is stretched or compressed. When a basketball bounces on the court, it undergoes deformation, storing energy in the form of elastic potential energy. The other options involve different types of energy or movements.
Question 12:
Which of the following is an example of Newton\’s Third Law of Motion?
A) A tennis ball hitting the net
B) A sprinter accelerating from the starting blocks
C) A swimmer pushing off the wall during a flip turn
D) A basketball player shooting a layup
Answer: A) A tennis ball hitting the net
Explanation: Newton\’s Third Law of Motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When a tennis ball hits the net, the ball exerts a force on the net, and the net exerts an equal and opposite force on the ball, causing it to bounce back. The other options involve different types of forces or movements.
Question 13:
Which of the following is an example of the principle of linear motion?
A) A javelin throw
B) A high jump
C) A long jump
D) A shot put throw
Answer: A) A javelin throw
Explanation: The principle of linear motion refers to the motion of an object along a straight line. In a javelin throw, the javelin travels in a linear path from the thrower\’s hand to the landing point. The other options involve curved or vertical motions.
Question 14:
Which of the following is NOT an example of a type of friction?
A) Rolling friction
B) Sliding friction
C) Fluid friction
D) Static friction
Answer: C) Fluid friction
Explanation: Fluid friction is not a type of friction. The types of friction include rolling friction, sliding friction, and static friction. Fluid friction is a type of drag force experienced by objects moving through a fluid, such as air or water.
Question 15:
Which of the following is an example of the principle of balance?
A) Walking on a balance beam
B) Performing a handstand
C) Riding a bicycle
D) Standing on one leg
Answer: D) Standing on one leg
Explanation: The principle of balance refers to the ability to maintain equilibrium while stationary or in motion. Standing on one leg requires balance as the body must adjust to maintain stability. The other options also involve balance to some extent, but standing on one leg is a more direct example of the principle.